Location 1 – 55°5.18′ N 5°0.992′ W: Pillow Lavas approximately 1.5km down coast from Ballantrae.

Our first stop of the day was the furthest down the coast, away past Ballantrae. Here we parked at a graveyard and walked down through a farm with some incredibly scary cows which chased us halfway to the ocean. A short walk along the coast brought us to this:

Pillow Lavas!

A great big outcrop of pillow lavas! Not only that, but beneath our feet was an eroded surface which displayed a sectioned mass of pillows with their way-up obviously visible.

Pillow Lavas with Hammer for Scale

Other parts of the outcrop showed overturned pillows where the iron rich minerals of the basalt had been oxidised by the seawater:

Oxidised Overturned Pillows

These pillow lavas were originally deposited in the Iapetus Ocean and then obducted onto the land during the Caledonian Orogeny when the Iapetus closed at somewhere around 440-420Ma. This ophiolite is (somewhat unsurprisingly) known as the Ballantrae Complex and also includes Black Shales, Cherts, Gabbros, minor Granitoids, Serpentinite and some metamorphic rocks (Lawson et al. 1992).

Location 2 – 55° 9.82′ N 4° 56.877′ W: Varyag Monument, Lunch and Boulders.

We stopped for lunch further up the coast just shy of Lendalfoot, at the Monument to a Russian Cruiser which the Russians lost to the Japanese, took back, then got nicked by us, sold to Germany and which we then accidentally sunk in the Firth of Clyde (you can’t make this shit up!). Disrespectfully we posed for photos on the anchor.

Varyag Anchor - John and Emma

After lunch we had a nosey around on the beach to see if we could find anything exciting. The first thing we spotted was this boulder (or possibly outcrop, rather difficult to tell as it was partially buried):

Boulder

Looking closely you can see that this boulder is of mixed composition, with a finely grained rock on the top half, and a coarser grained intrusion at the bottom of the picture. You can even see the coarser grained forcing its way into a crack in the finer grained material, halfway to making a little xenolith. A third composition, even coarser grained also appears to be intruding at the bottom of the image.

We also found an interesting looking greenish boulder which Emma took back to the department and chopped up, revealing what we think is a hydrothermally altered Harzburgite:

Harzburgite (on 1cm graph paper for scale)

Also at this location we found veins of fibrous Pectolite, which I don’t have a photo of to hand, because Emma has the sample.

Location 3 – 55° 9.830′ N 4° 56.62′ W: Boathouse and Dykes. A short walk up the Coast.

Location 3 was slightly along the coast, by an old boathouse. This boathouse was propped up against a nice big dyke. This dyke also displayed an interesting mixed composition; with two distinct compositions in contact with each other. In places small dykes spread off from the main mass, the cross-cutting relationship indicating the order of the intrusions:

Mini-Dyke! (close examination shows chilled margins).

Location 4 -  55° 13′ N 4° 52′ W (Location Approximate): Walk Down coast from Car Park at South Edge of Girvan (next to old folks’ home).

Supposedly there are fossiliferous beds in this area which contain Trilobites, Brachiopods and Graptolites. We couldn’t find any of them. We did however find some excellent examples of various sedimentary and structural features:

Soft Sediment Deformation

Foreground: Faulting. Background: Folding. Emma's Pockets: Stuffed with Rocks

Emma and John (spot the desiccation cracks!)

With that we headed back up the coast to the car, stopping off to collect one more rock sample:

Granite

A nice chunk of Granite that I hammered off of a dyke (albeit a man made one. OK fine, I ‘borrowed’ it from the wall of a field).

With that, we headed back up the coast, stopping off at Troon to continue our field trip tradition of getting Fish and Chips for tea on the way home.

Anyway, back to our little excursion. We parked the car at the inconspicuous parking spot next to Dob’s Linn (the little valley is almost completely unsignposted or marked in any way – probably to help preserve it).

Dob's Linn from the road

We wandered up through the valley, finding the occasional graptolite rich fragment amongst the large scree slopes of black shale. Turning left we climbed up the Linn branch (a warning to people wanting to follow us, this involves clambering round some steep scree slopes – it’s not the safest excursion for the young or infirm and is extremely unwise to do alone). This branch of the gorge is really quite lovely, both geologically and aesthetically:

Some lovely, slightly folded shales to the South side of the branch

Ripple Marks (I've cheated here, this is a photo from a prior visit)

The Waterfall at the End of the Branch

That waterfall was particularly lovely last time I visited the area, in the deepest darkest Scottish Winter:

Frozen Waterfall

There are two excavated areas in Dob’s Linn: the Linn trench and the North trench. Both of these trenches show large sections of the strata, which have been examined and catalogued in detail by Lapworth and later Williams. Time didn’t allow us the opportunity to examine the North trench, however we were able to see the Linn branch trench, and examine the scree slope below it – within which many Graptolite specimens could be found.

The Linn Branch Trench

This photograph covers the border between the Ordovician (from where the photograph was taken) and the Silurian (where Hazel is sitting). Somewhere between us (I can’t put my finger on exactly where) is the FAD of Akidograptus Ascensus – the acknowledged boundary or ‘golden spike’.

After this we clambered back down and drove west to Moffat then back up the west coast. It’s worth noting that there are a great deal of excellent examples of slope failure along the road to Moffat (this area would make a fantastic day trip for a geography or geology class).

Following are a number of photographs of samples obtained from the loose scree material:

Some small fragmented graptolites - few specimens are preserved completely intact

More Examples

Not entirely sure what these are - any suggestions?

Layer of pyrite within the shale

These shales are really lovely, you can pull apart layers with your hands to reveal a new layer filled with graptolites or, as above, pyrite.

Our Transport - The Green Blur, and our mascot - Trevor the Trilobite

Once again we were incredibly pushed for time; so much so that we didn’t have time to climb up the Eildons, instead contenting ourselves with a view from afar. However, that didn’t stop us from examining some of the geology of the area. Across the road from where we parked is Bowdenmoor Quarry; a quarried mass of Sanidine-Trachyte in Silurian country rocks which shares its origin with the Eildon Hills themselves. They were all part of the same intermediate-acidic layered lacolith (with one exception, which I’ll get to shortly).

The Quarry (picture by Hazel Scott)

I collected some nice samples of Sanidine-Trachyte here:

Sanidine-trachyte - note the phenocrysts

Since we had to get moving, we headed up the road, but not before snapping some more pics.

The Mid (lacolith) and Little (vent) Hills

The largest hill (left) is a part of the lacolith, consisting of layered sheets of trachyte and felsite (I wish we’d had time to get a bit of the Riebeckite-felsite). The smaller hill on the right (which isn’t usually counted as one of the three Eildon hills) is actually a volcanic vent intruded later. It consists of a central core of basalt and quartz-porphyry as well as some agglomerate.

Before getting in the car to drive across to the west coast (via Dob’s Linn) we couldn’t pass up the opportunity for another photo.

Emma and I in front of the Wester Hill

Behind us is the reservoir (which I think is man-made) and behind that is the Wester Hill – another part of the lacolith.

The Alternative Unconformity

Since it was about 8:30pm we decided not to clamber down to it, as we were losing the light. Instead we climbed over the top to view the classic Siccar Point example of the unconformity.

Hutton's Unconformity

Again, since we were pressed for time and the cliff was in shadow we decided not to climb down and look at it close up. Instead we spent time posing for photos holding the unconformity:

Hutton's UC

Finally we walked back down the way we were supposed to have come up, stopping to look at the helpful sign explaining the whole thing.

Info Board

We then drove back up to Galashiels, and spent the night playing Guitar Hero.